Combat Maneuvers
All-out attack: two attacks, or one attack at +2 to hit, -2 to DEF
All-out defense: no attacks, +2 to DEF
Draw weapon and attack in the same round: -1 to hit with dagger, -2 to hit with other weapons
Attacking from target's side: +1 to hit
Attacking from target's rear: +2 to hit
Surprise attack on target (not yet in combat): +2 to hit
Surprise attack on target (while in combat): +1 to hit
Unusual/unexpected attack: +1 to hit
Attacking with off-hand: -2 to hit
Attacking with two weapons: -2 to hit for each attack
Aiming: +1 to hit per round aimed (max bonus = weapon skill level +1)
Bracing: +1 to hit with crossbows
Feinting: Use OBS instead of DEX as the attribute modifier for the 'attack' roll. The target's DEF includes modifiers for both OBS and DEX, but armor and shields are not considered. If successful, half the number the roll is made by (round up) is added to the next attack roll.
Pop-up attack from cover: -2 to hit, personal DEF bonus for cover reduced by -1, maximum DEF cover bonus is +2
Attacking from above: +1 to hit
Attacking from below: -1 to hit
Attacking from horseback: -1 to hit in melee, -2 to hit with missile attacks
Attacking while blind: -4 to hit
Attacking while stunned from damage in previous round: -3 to hit
Attacking while moving: -1 to missile attacks per 5 ft moved
Target Status
Target running: +1 DEF vs missile attacks
Target off-balance or stunned: -1 DEF
Target climbing wall: -2 DEF (and no shield bonus, of course)
Target pinned or entangled: -3 DEF
Target unconscious: -4 DEF, no DEX bonus
Certain talents can help to offset certain penalties. A single point in Ambidexterity will negate the off-hand penalty. Each talent level in Dual Attacks will offset the penalty for attacking with two weapons. Each talent in Horse Riding will offset the respective penalty for attacking from horseback. For example, someone with Horse Riding +1 would have no penalty with melee attacks from horseback, and only a -1 penalty with missile attacks.
A horseman attacking someone on foot with a sword would have offsetting penalties (+1 for attacking from above, -1 for attacking from horseback). Of course, if said swordsman has a talent in Horse Riding, the penalty for attacking from horseback would be negated, and he would enjoy the +1 bonus to hit for attacking from above.
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